The Saudi Journal of Forensic Medicine and Sciences

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Background: Sexual harassment among school students is a critical public health issue associated with considerable physical and psychological consequences. In Islamic countries, the issue is more problematic because most of the victims would not report their harassment for fear of social stigma. Aim of Work: The current work aims to assess knowledge and attitude toward sexual harassment among middle and secondary school Saudi students in Makkah, Jeddah, and Al-Madinah in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. In addition, the study aims to promote awareness about the knowledge of sexual harassment among selected study group. Subjects and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the three cities based on educational administration official approval in the period of 3 months from January to March 2018. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ministry of Education's general departments of education in Makkah, Jeddah, and Al-Madinah, and informed consent forms were offered for all participants' guardians before conducting it. Data were collected through a predesigned validated self-administered face-to-face questionnaire of six questions. The questionnaire was distributed to almost 27,000 students at schools addressing questions about sexual harassment. The research team presented a prequestionnaire presentation to define sexual harassment before participation. Results: Among 27,636 respondents, 38% and 35% reported that media and friends' experience were the source of sexual knowledge, respectively. Age, gender, and residency were significant determinants of the level of knowledge about sexual harassment.Conclusion and Recommendations: There is a significant lack of knowledge and awareness about sexual harassment among Saudi students. Health-care, media, and social authorities are highly recommended to adopt new health education strategies that target those vulnerable students as well their parents, to improve their knowledge about sexual harassment, and to modulate their attitudes toward this problem whenever happened. A nationwide survey is needed to assess the whole problem.

Background: Although previous studies from Western nations had reported elevated rates of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) among incarcerated offenders, there are limited studies from the developing nations like ours. The study was aimed at determining the prevalence of ASPD in a prison population and its association with social and substance use variables. Methods: Using a cross-sectional survey, 277 randomly selected incarcerated offenders were assessed using a sociodemographic questionnaire and Structured Clinical Interview using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview plus to assess ASPD and substance use disorders. Diagnoses were made based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-4^th edition and the 10^th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. Results: The prevalence of ASPD in this population of offenders was 13.5%. The most common offense was armed robbery. Offenders with ASPD were more likely to be unemployed prior to imprisonment and have a father who uses or abuses alcohol or cannabis. Significantly, those with ASPD were more likely to meet criteria for alcohol and cannabis use disorders. Conclusion: There is an elevated rate of ASPD among incarcerated offenders, and such offenders need to be evaluated for alcohol and substance use disorders to ensure smooth rehabilitation.

Background: Palatal rugoscopy offers an excellent, reliable, and economical method for forensic identification in natural disasters or any other case that involves unknown remains where the death toll is extremely high. Their protective location, early complete development, stability, and singularness for each individual make this analysis of forensic useful. Objectives: The objective is to study the predominant rugae pattern among the Jazan population sample and to analyze the morphological differences in the number, types, size, and contour of various palatal rugae both intraindividual (within an individual) and interindividual (between individuals). Materials and Methods: A total of 110 patients (55 males and 55 females) in the age group of 20–35 years representing a pure ethnic Saudi population were selected based on a criterion of having an ideal natural dentition. Maxillary study models for all subjects were made from maxillary impressions. The rugae pattern recorded on cast was compared with intraoral high-magnification photographs for consistency and verification. Different types and orientation (to mid-palatine raphe) of rugae were then evaluated for the number, size, type, and contour (direction). Mean, standard deviation, and frequencies were calculated as the percentages of each type of rugae. Statistical analysis was done by using two-sample t-test and Chi-square tests at a significance level of 5%. Results: No differences in rugae pattern and rugae orientation was found between sexes, however, both pattern and direction differed in Saudi population when compared with other studies done on other population. Conclusion: The study concludes that no sexual dimorphism exists in rugae pattern and their orientation between male and female patients among the Saudi population.

Online since 17^th January, 2017